Where the female convicts worse that the male convicts Essay

Where the female convicts worse that the male convicts - Essay Example Other historians emphasize that the events that took part in Australia at that particular point in time cannot be forgotten not in the decades to come since the suffering that the Australian women went through is almost unheard of. This work shall aim at conducting an intense research on the sufferings that women went through in the era of colonization; thereafter comparing it with that of men, and taking a stand that the women actually went through immense suffering. In the research conducted by Association of Industrial Relations Academics of Australia and New Zealand Conference, Association of Industrial Relations Academics of Australia and New Zealand (2001) the period of colonization in Australia saw the breeding of slaves in the form of women, as compared to wives, as nature depicts. Additionally, a huge percentage of women at that time were reduced to prostitutes especially in the first fifty years of colonization. In specific dates, the period between 1788–1840 marked women as mere prostitutes to the colonizers (Daniels, 1998; Robson, 1993). This was based on the fact that all women that had been transported to Britain were mere slaves and objects of the colonizers. In light to this argument, therefore, the colonizers justified themselves as having the full right and obligation to do what they wanted with the women of that particular period of time. Under the punitive colony of the time, the white women were categorized as convicts of the time; as well as the social stratification of the time subjected the women to such tough circumstances. In fact, the concept of women being slaves and objects of the time became a stereotype. The same was applied to a great percentage of women who were transported to the colony at that particular time. With this change of status of women being free beings to objects, the extent of suffering on them under the punitive colony can simply not be interpreted in words, but in the feeling one gets as they browse throug h the films and works of historians of the time. In the research conducted by Barker and Chalus (2005), the convicts that were transported to Australia comprised 11% of women. The women have been indicated to perform numerous jobs like needlework, worked as maids for the masters, servants amongst other factors. The conditions in which these women worked were not appealing at all. Having been conversant with these skills, the women were expected to work at odd hours of the day and night so as to always please the colonial masters. Worse still, the women were expected to adapt to the environmental conditions in their new homes, no matter how difficult it was for majority of the women. In contrast to 89% of the men who arrived in Australia, the 11% cannot be ignored especially being the women subjected to hard labor and torture (Damousi, 1997). Generally, the women were simply stacked together like boxes and regarded as whores who were useless. The term being stamped and repeated in th e history of Australia means that the extent of torture and degradation of the women was indeed not to be ignored. By 1841, studies indicate that the number of female convicts stood at over three thousand as compared to that of twenty eight thousand. In comparison to the 188 convict females in 1788, and 529 males, it is evident that the number of women convicts increased as much as that of the men (Daniels, 1998). The women are indicated to suffer twice as much as that of the men, with the demand for their services augmenting. In the colonies, there existed factories run by women. This is yet evidence that explains women

Corporate Standards in India Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Corporate Standards in India - Essay Example Alternatively, it has an aesthetic sense of restoring the damaged integrity of the nation of India. On that note, the paper has expounded on several practical mechanisms such as the search for universal standards, instill corporate standards and implementing convergence of standards in the Indian companies among others. For the last five years, several corporate scandals have rocked India hence leading to the damage of its integrity. From Barclays issuing false numbers in the financial market of London to bribes-for-loans scandal, India has been wading in corporate graft (Bilal 2008, p.56). On that note, there are several ways to improve the corporate standards to save the image of India. This is to avoid financial losses and loss of jobs and resources. Therefore, the first method of upholding the corporate standard is to search for universal standards. It is imperative to observe that the mechanisms of corporate governance fluctuate from country to country. On that aspect, it is fun damental to note that political, economical and social perspectives define corporate governance (Buthwar 2011, p.78). This means the corporate practice of Indian companies should echo its set national ethos and value systems. For instance, in the Barclays scandal, its leadership should step down and investigated to reveal the motive of their virtues. Additionally, the form of corporate governance should be inculcated among managers and customers in order to understand the limits of conducting business transactions. This has a positive implication of reducing cases of corporate graft as observed in the recent years in India. Another crucial matter involves assimilation corporate philosophy among various organizations to avoid scandals such Forex derivates scam and Andhra Pradesh land that saw the companies lose $5.79 billion and $18.1 billion respectively. Alternatively, it is critical for major shareholders in such organizations to call for higher stakes in the contribution of the c ompany. This suggests that despite the management of the company having a special status, shareholders should work in cooperation with the managers to avert cases of corporate scandals. Furthermore, it should be upon the corporate heads to increase globalization of encouraging competitive business that does not condone corruption. This is why the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) was established to work as a benchmark for monitoring Indian corporations. Another better method to instill corporate standards is to implement convergence of standards in the Indian companies. This entails shaping their corporate according the global market orientation such as in the US and UK in order to limit cases of fraud. For example, the telecoms scandal that made India lose up to $ 462 billion could have been avoided if better convergence standards were in place. In other words, the companies that acquired illegal licenses without proper qualification could not have resul ted to such financial damage. Alternatively, the concerned corporations could have properly mitigated other scandals such as the Barclays and Mumbai Sales Tax fraud. Again, this method of standardization has the benefit of integrating financial markets and foreign investor requirements. This is known to encourage higher standards and practices of

CHILDHOOD OBESITY Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

CHILDHOOD OBESITY - Research Paper Example I. Parents fear the intervening in their child’s life regarding food and eating would result in their losing their child’s love and appreciation. A. Parents need to realize that their child’s health issue needs to be identified and confronted. B. This intervention should be done by the parents since they are the ones whom the child can trust and gain support from. II. Some parents feel that their overweight children will grow out of their weight problems as the years go by. A. Children normally gain weight throughout their early years of childhood because it is a necessary part of the growth process. B. However we cannot depend on the child’s routine growth spurts to compensate for the child’s weight problem. III. Some parents feel that their child may seem overweight based on growth charts but it is not really a weight problem since everyone in their family is ‘big boned’. A. Focus should be on the growth and body mass index charts. B. One cannot rationalize the overweight issue of a child. IV. Parents are responsible to adapt healthy meals and exercise routines to help their children to lead healthy lifestyles. Parents should therefore lead by example. Childhood obesity is one of the leading healthcare issues facing children and adolescents in America today. Nearly 10% of children below 2 years and 21% of children between the ages of 2 and 5 years are classified as being overweight for his or her age and height (Ogden et. al., 242). Childhood obesity has been found to be more prevalent among non-Hispanic black and Hispanic preschool-aged children compared to non-Hispanic white children (Anderson et. al., 344). The extra pounds in children often lead to health issues that were once common among adults like diabetes, high blood pressure and high cholesterol. Childhood obesity can also lead to poor self esteem and depression in children. Although a lot has been blamed on television food advertising (Mehta, 535), sp ending too much time in front of the T.V. or computer, lack of exercise and proper nutrition, one cannot ignore the fact that parents are ultimately responsible for the health of their child and they need to set examples and encourage their children to choose a healthier lifestyle. Some parents do not agree with this idea because they maintain that their children should grow up being independent and have the freedom to choose what they want to eat or what they want to do. They claim that if they intervene in their child’s life regarding food and eating, it could make matters worse or lose their child’s love and appreciation (Natenshon, 2). They also fear that they may interfere with their child’s privacy and developing autonomy by stepping in to rectify an eating problem in the making. However, parents need to recognize that their child’s health issue cannot be resolved unless and until it is identified and confronted. And who better to do it than someone whom they can trust and gain support from – the parents! In fact, some health care professionals also believe that parents should not be involved in their child’s treatment for eating disorders. They express concern about the issues of separation/individuation and the need for protecting the child’s privacy. But this stance too frequently blinds them to the need to educate and guide parents through family therapy, where they become mentors to their child and provide a supportive environment to their child to assist in the recovery process. These professionals must understand that the most successful separation takes place through healthy bonding between parents and children. Studies have shown that working with parents to prevent obesity in the early years can place young children on a lifelong trajectory toward

Corporate Standards in India Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Corporate Standards in India - Essay Example Alternatively, it has an aesthetic sense of restoring the damaged integrity of the nation of India. On that note, the paper has expounded on several practical mechanisms such as the search for universal standards, instill corporate standards and implementing convergence of standards in the Indian companies among others. For the last five years, several corporate scandals have rocked India hence leading to the damage of its integrity. From Barclays issuing false numbers in the financial market of London to bribes-for-loans scandal, India has been wading in corporate graft (Bilal 2008, p.56). On that note, there are several ways to improve the corporate standards to save the image of India. This is to avoid financial losses and loss of jobs and resources. Therefore, the first method of upholding the corporate standard is to search for universal standards. It is imperative to observe that the mechanisms of corporate governance fluctuate from country to country. On that aspect, it is fun damental to note that political, economical and social perspectives define corporate governance (Buthwar 2011, p.78). This means the corporate practice of Indian companies should echo its set national ethos and value systems. For instance, in the Barclays scandal, its leadership should step down and investigated to reveal the motive of their virtues. Additionally, the form of corporate governance should be inculcated among managers and customers in order to understand the limits of conducting business transactions. This has a positive implication of reducing cases of corporate graft as observed in the recent years in India. Another crucial matter involves assimilation corporate philosophy among various organizations to avoid scandals such Forex derivates scam and Andhra Pradesh land that saw the companies lose $5.79 billion and $18.1 billion respectively. Alternatively, it is critical for major shareholders in such organizations to call for higher stakes in the contribution of the c ompany. This suggests that despite the management of the company having a special status, shareholders should work in cooperation with the managers to avert cases of corporate scandals. Furthermore, it should be upon the corporate heads to increase globalization of encouraging competitive business that does not condone corruption. This is why the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) was established to work as a benchmark for monitoring Indian corporations. Another better method to instill corporate standards is to implement convergence of standards in the Indian companies. This entails shaping their corporate according the global market orientation such as in the US and UK in order to limit cases of fraud. For example, the telecoms scandal that made India lose up to $ 462 billion could have been avoided if better convergence standards were in place. In other words, the companies that acquired illegal licenses without proper qualification could not have resul ted to such financial damage. Alternatively, the concerned corporations could have properly mitigated other scandals such as the Barclays and Mumbai Sales Tax fraud. Again, this method of standardization has the benefit of integrating financial markets and foreign investor requirements. This is known to encourage higher standards and practices of

The Death Of Ivan Ilych Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Death Of Ivan Ilych - Essay Example It appears that Tolstoy’s main point in writing this story was to illustrate the concept of death. Death is usually portrayed as a very mysterious and frightening aspect of life. However within The Death of Ivan Ilynch, Tolstoy shows death in a different light. In the first chapter, Tolstoy really captures how utterly mundane death is, especially for those left behind. This is shown in the reaction of Ivan’s coworkers. For example, as soon as Fedor Vasilievich hears about Ivan’s death, he starts to think about the possibility of being promoted as Ivan’s spot in the court has now opened up(Tolstoy, 1886). Additionally, many of the men, particularly Peter Ivanovich feel a bit irritated or put out at the thought that they are now obligated to go pay their condolences to Ivan’s wife and family(Tolstoy, 1886). At the house, a man named Schwartz even communicates with Peter about an upcoming game of bridge at Fedor Vasilievich’s house(Tolstoy, 1886 ). This entire chapter illustrates how death can become a rather mundane event, and, even if someone is no longer living, the lives of other people continue on. In addition to addressing the mundane aspects of death, Tolstoy also looks at how drawn out illness and death can be. For much of the story, Ivan is battling a mysterious illness, and every doctor he visits appears to have a different opinion as to what it could be(Tolstoy, 1886). Eventually the illness becomes so severe and painful that Ivan is unable to live his life in a normal fashion and must be given powerful drugs like morphine in order to stave off the pain(Tolstoy, 1886). The medication does little to help him; however and Ivan becomes unable to care for himself at all. This period lasts quite a while in the story. At the end of his life, he screams for three days as the pain becomes too great(Tolstoy, 1886). Finally, he is able to die. Ivan’s death presents a more accurate take on the expiration of a human.

Memorandum International management associated Essay Example for Free

Memorandum International management associated Essay Businesses have crossed borders, and it has been growing rapidly in recent decades because of the liberalization of government policies, and technological expansion. To satisfy the global demand of customers, it requires strong managements skills, sensitivity to cultural issues, and intercultural competence. As the multinational corporations grows and improve the quality, and operate at international level, this is why managers should ask three critical questions, first why should I expand internationally? Second where should I expand? Finally, how to expand? Which will help to achieve successful strategic objectives. `In this memorandum the Board of Directors for ABC Complete Kitchens, Inc. concerns of the board of directors of the plant relative to international sales of products of for ABC Complete Kitchens, Inc will be examined. This memorandum analyzes the international management considerations associated with the plant. ABC Complete Kitchens, Inc is anticipating nearly twenty percent of the sales from the international and overseas market. Therefore, the board of directors has expressed their concerns about the management of  international aspects for the plant. Some issues have been identified in overseas management procedures, and considerations for the same are to be provided. This memorandum expresses the concerns for the same. The ABC, Inc needs to adopt international management strategies to sustain its competitive position in the market via adequate cultural, technical, political, and economic environment. Localization Concerns After knowing why to expand either to increase sales or to cut costs or for other reasons . The ABC, Inc, should decide which countries to enter first, which type of countries to chose, what criteria to follow to make these choices. The best suggestion for ABC, Inc is enter the countries with the largest potential customers for its products, however managers should also think about how likely they are going to success in particular foreign market, and how to measure not only the geographic distance, but language, cultural, administrative, and economic distances as well. Language Concerns Language affects the way of employees, customers and business partners communicate with each other. Based on the level of foreign language knowledgebasically the Englishin the countrys society, the ABC Inc. must carefully decide whether it can use English as a working and advertising language or if its management has to learn the countrys own language and build the strategy on that language (Kozenkow). Cultural Concerns The habits, behaviors and consumer preferences of every society are determined with Culture. While implementing a business strategy overseas, ABC Kitchen Inc, should consider all the cultural characteristics of the targeted society. When entering new country the t firm should ask if the customers want the same thing, or it will have to modify the product to fit their satisfactions. . Therefore, for increasing overseas sale, ABC Inc, must plan its overseas strategy keeping in mind of the culture of the country for which the strategy is being planned. Administrative and International Laws concerns The ABC kitchen, Inc, need to abide and respect the different regulations,  government policies, and legal systems, because countries vary widely on these dimensions, which require the firm to has a deep understanding on how to meet those regulations to avoid failure, even if the firm has the best products in the markets. Technical development concerns Differences among the technical development and facility of markets internationally or within the United States determine fundamentally the opportunities of production, sales and marketing of the operating businesses. Management can build your advertising and promotion strategy exclusively on the Internet if the majority of the national population or local community uses the Web as its primary source of information. Economic concerns An other important factor is economic concern which is the average of purchasing power customers in different countries, and how elastic this power is, therefore, it means how much demand for the product changes, as the price goes up and down, because this is a big deal for the firm to know who are used to buy products in the market, where every one is wealthy. In other hands, may people with low wage should be a target. Economic differences like these have a major influence on what type of products will be demanded. Supply Chain Management Supply chains are an integral part of global quality and cost management initiative, because a typical company’s supply chain cost can represent more than 50% of assets and more than 80% of revenues. (Ball, 2010), in other word, the ABC, Inc should reduce the inventory of chain supply to reduce the cost. In order to do that the Board of Directors of ABC Inc. has to expresses reconsiderations for management across business functions in supply chain management. Managing the flow of raw materials, supplies as well as finished products are equally important as the management of sales and marketing. Competition Another concern is the competition in overseas market. Local products tend to be cheaper than the internationally exported products due to various forms of taxes included in them. Therefore, how will be the completion met in the  overseas market and what the management plans to do with the taxes and prices in the overseas market, the board of directors should be interested in knowing these aspects. Finance and Accounting Another factor that the firm should take it on consideration is the accounting practices and standard changes across the national borders, it is an obstacle to merge subsidiary financial results with those at the parent company, this is why there is a growing movement toward convergence of accounting standards across countries (Ball, 2010). This convergence will help the financial management to be more integrating, because the statements will be comparable. ABC complete Kitchen Finance management is particularly a concern point, as overseas countries change in value in terms of each other based on currency exchange rates. How will the ABC Inc. comply with financial laws and regulations in the host country, the concern particularly addresses following questions to be answered: What management is doing to understand how fluctuations in currency value change international business transactions? What is the process for financial tools such as derivatives, hedges, payment timing, exposure netting, price adjustments, balance sheet neutralizing, and swaps, and how they affect business performance? When and how to pay exporters in forms other than money; buyers frequently prefer payment rendered in the form of goods or services (countertrade)? Human resource concern Board of directors of ABC complete Kitchen Inc. has expressed interest and concern about the strategies of management and have questioned that how will be the needs of the resources and workers will be met across different countries. Furthermore, what is the best way to meet the needs of these employees and also best utilize their skills and talents to keep the business functioning smoothly? (Business) Ethics and Society Concerns After the ABC kitchen,Inc established a business global plan for marketing, operations, and human resource management , should now establish an ethically and socially business plan among its international management considerations. â€Å"The purpose of the firm is not simply to make profit, but to create value for all of its stakeholders, business success is judged not simply by company’s financial, but by how well it serves broad social interests† (Laweren, 2008). In other words if ABC ,Inc want to successes internationally, it should adopt strategy that apply ethical values and the respect of people on its global environment and for different people that affect the company, from the stakeholder ,to the shareholders, employees, customers, and society. To achieve that the Broad Director of the firm should adopt a stakeholder theory that consists on: identifying the relevant stakeholders group, determining the stake of each group, determining how the expectation of each group are met, finally look for the stakeholder interests. By following these steps the firm will build a good relationship with the shareholder, moreover will build reputation and trust that will enhance its performance. Finally, f or the hiring process the ABC ,Inc should put values and ethics as requirement to hire new employees, because it will not just help the organization but the global market place. Conclusion In summary, getting global strategy wright can be very difficult, because it requires matching the wright reasons for going global with the wright places and the wright strategies. The ABC Complete kitchen, Inc should follow the steps suggested while managing significant differences between countries, and responding to the intense rivalry from both global and local competitors, however when the challenges are great, the ABC Inc should get it wright, to win in a really big way. References Ball,G. (2010). International business: The Challenge of global competition,12th Edition, New York, NY: the McGraw-Hill Companies Boundless.com. (n.d.). Considerations-when-managing-a-global-corporation. Retrieved from https://www.boundless.com/management/textbooks/boundless-management- textbook/globalization-and-business-14/managing-international-corporations- 107/considerations-when-managing-a-global-corporation-499-10752/. Business, R. f. (n.d.). International Management. Retrieved from http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Gr-Int/International- Management.html. Kozenkow, J. (n.d.). International Management Challenges. Retrieved from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/international-management-challenges-56168.html. Lawerence,W. (2008). Business and Society: Stakeholders, Ethics, Public Policy, 12th Edition. New York, NY: The McGraw-Hill Companies. Sullivan, D. (2011). Business strategies for organizational effectiveness within the global Perspective. Pearson Education, NJ: Prentice hall.

Driving Forces Of Ecommerce In Banking Sector Information Technology Essay

Driving Forces Of Ecommerce In Banking Sector Information Technology Essay Ecommerce is the abbreviated form of the concept of Electronic Commerce. This concept was initially introduced as an alternate for onsite trading. Selling and purchasing of goods was done using electronic systems like internet. E commerce ha spread world wide with the increasingly use of internet technology. Now the ecommerce has also spread in other business environments like tourism, banking, employment, real estate and teaching. Ecommerce has become a more convenient platform for exchanging goods and services. E commerce has also broadened the sense of global market as people can buy and sale goods and services to or from a person sitting overseas. Ecommerce has helped the consumers in many ways. E commerce provides a better insight about the product and services offered by a company. All the major retailers of the world have entered the business system of ecommerce because of the increasing use of it. In the initial stage of the ecommerce the startup companies captured the market share of well established conventional retailers only by using e commerce system for selling there product. Now the ecommerce has improved the service of each sector which has implemented the idea in their system. Due to ecommerce tourism sector has improved because now people do not have to go to the registration counter to get tickets for some place they can book their tickets online using various ecommerce sites. Banking services have drastically improved after the ecommerce system. Customers do not have to stand in queue for hours for some small things like checking balance, fund transfer etc. Ecommerce has also eased the tasks of HR managers of companies as the websites of most companies now have a career section where the aspirants can view the current openings in the company and apply for the suitable job. HR managers can view job application on the website and contact suitable applicant for further conversation. Many ecommerce sites provide facilities related to real estate business where people can get information about the different lands. Many sites like amazon, ebay, rediff have implemented the ecommerce system in the field of teaching. Study materials, books, journals, magazines etc. are available online and people can buy or subscribe them. Knowledge management system is another form of ecommerce which has improved the knowledge sharing system and has been beneficial for the education system. (Concept: Ecommerce) Banking Ecommerce E commerce in the banking sector is also known as internet banking as various tasks of banks is being done on internet. Banks have enabled electronic services to improve customer services and reduce the work load of the employees. All the normal daily bank jobs can now be done using the banks web portal. Following banking service have been transferred to the ecommerce system of the bank: Financial transactions are now being performed by using the banks online banking system or ecommerce system. These transactional services include presentation and payment of bills, fun transfer from one account to other account, investment facilities, and application for loans can be submitted on the ecommerce system of the bank. Customers can generate the periodic financial statements of their bank account by availing the internet banking facility of the bank. Long queues at the cash counter can be avoided by using the fund transfer facility on the ecommerce system of banks. ATM service is also a form of ecommerce system to transact cash without standing in long queues at the cash counter. Other non transactional services like getting bank statements and checking balance in the account are also being performed on the ecommerce system of banks. (Silvain de munck, 2001) Driving forces of Ecommerce in Banking Sector Following are the three major forces that support the use of ecommerce system in the banking sector: Economic forces: This is one the most important benefits of the ecommerce system in the banking sector. Ecommerce system are economic efficient as the cost of communication is reduced, one time investment in the infrastructure establishment will be cheaper than appointing extra staff to attend more customers, electronic transactions will be faster and more economic and better customer services can be provided on comparatively low cost. Ecommerce system of banks will also enable effective communication between all the branches and a centralized database of customers and their information can be maintained by using ecommerce system in banks. Market forces: Internet banking facilities are proved to be an extra advantage for the marketing of banks. Internet banking provides better and enhanced customer services and support. Internet is he best way of marketing in todayà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s global scenario. Technology forces: Advancement in technology is another major force for implementing ecommerce system in the banking sector. In this competitive era every organization has to walk parallel with the latest tools and technologies otherwise they will loose competitive advantage in the market. There has been much advancement in the internet security which has made the ecommerce a more reliable and secures way of banking. (Silvain de munck, 2001) Conclusion Ecommerce is the technical way of selling and purchasing goods or services. Implementation of ecommerce in each sector has improved the performance and efficiency of that sector. The banking sector has taken huge advantage from the ecommerce or internet banking system. Ecommerce has reduced the pressure of employees of banks and increased the level of customer services. The customers of banks are now happier and satisfied as they are also feeling relaxed with the advanced ecommerce system of banks. Many economic, marketing and technological forces have attracted the banking sector towards the ecommerce system. The current advanced technology has made the ecommerce system a more secure, reliable and easy system for day to day banking tasks.